Hip Capping
A tile fitting covering the hip.

Hipped End
A roof surface, bounded by the hips at the sides and the eaves at the base.

Lap

• Head or end lap - the portion of a tile covered by the tile above it.

• Side lap - The portion of a tile which interlocks with the tile beside it.

Mansard
A roof with two pitches on one side of the ridge. The steeper pitch commences at the eaves and meets a lesser pitch which terminates at the ridge line.

Pitch
The angle or slope of the roof surface to the horizontal, expressed in degrees or ratio (e.g. 15% or 1:3.75).

Pointing
The application of coloured mortar over bedding for decorative purposes. Also the term for the mix. (See Mortar Mix above.)

Profile
The end elevation or cross section of the tile to indicate shape and design of the tile.

Rafters
Rafters in a roof frame are usually timber members which support the roofing material, viz:

• Common rafter - the main support rafter of the slope between eaves, wallplate and ridge.

• Cripple rafter - the rafter connecting a hip and valley.

• Crippled jack rafter - a rafter connecting the end of a ridge to a valley.

• Hip rafter - a rafter following the line of the external intersection of two roof surfaces.

• Hip creeper rafter - a rafter connecting a wall plate and hip. Jack rafter - a rafter that fits against the end of a ridge at the intersection of two hips.

• Principal rafter - an upper member in a truss having the same inclination as the common rafters.

• Valley rafter - a rafter following the line of the internal intersection of two roof surfaces.

• Valley creeper rafter - a rafter connecting ridge and valley.

Refer Figure 1

Reflective Foil Insulation (Sarking)
Pliable roof sarking shall comply with the physical requirements of AS 1736.

Reflective Foil Laminate
Sarking membranes of reflective foil laminate shall have an anti-glare finish and shall comply with the physical requirements of AS 1903.

Ridge
The uppermost meeting line of two pitched surfaces

Ridge Capping
A tile fitting covering the ridge line.

Rigid or Semi-Rigid Materials
Rigid or semi-rigid materials may be used provided that a performance and life expectancy equal to or greater than pliable roof sarking or reflective foil laminate can be demonstrated.

Roof Tile
A concrete or terracotta product used to form the field of the roof.

Sawtooth Roof
A roof structure which is vertical on one side of the ridge line and pitched on the other.

Sheathing
A close boarding or other material, nailed to the framework of wall or roof. Sometimes referred to as sheeting.

Skillion
Roof with a single slope from eaves to ridge. Also a smaller lower pitched roof extending from the main roof.

Soaker
Waterproof, flexible material (usually ductile) placed under the junction of mitred tiling or at junction of hips and ridge or abutments to prevent the penetration of water.

Soffit Lining
Usually cement fibre board fixed to the rafters or soffit bearers, forming projecting eaves.

Square of Roofing
Measured area of roofing equivalent to 100 square feet or 9.29 square metres.

Starter
The first hip cap at the lowest point of the hip line.

Steel Battens
Steel battens shall be designed in accordance with AS 1538. They shall be manufactured of galvanised steel, of at least commercial grade, with a corrosion resistant coating of a minimum of 300 g/m2 of zinc.

Tile Clip
Specially formed metal fastening used to secure tiles to supporting members.

Timber Battens
Timber battens shall be in accordance with AS 1684.

Valley
The internal angle formed by the meeting line of two pitched roof surfaces. A metal tray is fixed in this area to direct water to the gutter.

Verge
The free edge of a roof surface, e.g. at a gable or dormer edge.

Weatherproof
When the performance of the roofing system or component is equal to or better than that of the datum specimen if subjected to the Dynamic Weather Resistance Test, which is detailed in Appendix C, AS 2050-1989.

Weather Resistance
When tested in accordance with the test set out in Appendix C, AS 2050-1989 the completed roof shall be sufficiently free from defect or distortion to be weatherproof.

Weephole
A small hole inserted in the ridge bedding and pointing mortar at the water channel of the tile for drainage purposes.